Colonoscopy is one of the most efficient methods for identifying colon cancer, polyps, inflammation and other gastrointestinal disorders. Many people think that having a colonoscopy is frightening. But being better aware of the colonoscopy procedure can reduce anxiety levels and can safely promote the goodness of screening. This life-saving procedure has both diagnostic and preventive value and potentially saves millions of lives annually.
Why is Colonoscopy Important?
The colon and rectum may undergo changes over a period of time and these changes do not manifest as symptoms all the time. For example, precancerous polyps mostly grow silently in the colon and they may have progressed and become considerable in size by the time symptoms show up. In order to stop the development of cancer, a colonoscopy enables physicians to directly view the entire colon. It also provides an opportunity to remove any abnormalities at the same time if the scope permits.
When Is a Colonoscopy Recommended?
A colonoscopy is recommended under the following conditions:
- After the age of 45 when patients are advised to take routine screening
- If there is a family history of colon cancer, then the patient is advised to take early
- When symptoms such as chronic diarrhea, bleeding or unexplained abdominal pain appear
There are high-risk individuals who may be advised to take frequent screening over a set period of time and that decision is based on the medical history of such patients.
Preparing for a Colonoscopy
Preparation before a colonoscopy procedure is important for an accurate examination. The bowel must be completely empty. This is recommended because even small abnormalities can be seen in an empty stomach.
The list of Preparations are:
- A special low-fiber or liquid diet before a day (a day prior to the day of getting colonoscopy)
- Medication or bowel-cleansing solutions
- Temporary adjustments to current medications, if any (as advised by a doctor)
When instructions are carefully followed it increases the accuracy of the report and also reduces the need for repeating the procedure in case certain things are not clearly observed while doing the colonoscopy.
During the Colonoscopy Procedure
Patients are sedated during a colonoscopy procedure. This makes them comfortable during the procedure. The colon’s lining is examined carefully as a flexible tube equipped with a camera is passed inside the colon slowly and gradually. If polyps are discovered in the colon lining, they are immediately removed then and there. The polyp tissue samples may be sent for a biopsy.
After the Colonoscopy Procedure
Colonoscopy is a day care procedure and hence the patients return home the same day and resume their regular activities the same day. Due to the air used during the examination, mild gas or bloating is possible and is perfectly normal. The colonoscopy results are made available a few days after a biopsy or polyp removal procedure.
A colonoscopy is indeed a preventive screening procedure in addition to a diagnostic test. Colorectal cancer and other gastrointestinal diseases, disorders and abnormalities can be detected and diagnosed early and in the colon. The best way to safeguard your long-term digestive health is to be knowledgeable and proactive.